California Blue Shield, the first statewide, doctor-sponsored prepaid health plan in the nation, was formed on February 2, 1939 as California Physicians' Service, with funding authorized and advanced by the California Medical Association. It was sponsored, but not owned by the CMA, with its basic policies set and controlled via the administrative membership (the house of delegates of the California Medical Association). According to a 1969 publication titled The Shield, the "Blue Shield" name was born in the early 1940s in Buffalo, New York, where the manager of the non-profit physicians' service chose it as a companion to the name that identified hospital services, Blue Cross. The name gradually gained recognition across the country, and in 1946, the national association was formed, formally adopting the name Blue Shield as signifying the prepayment of physicians' services on a non-profit basis under medical sponsorship. Although to this day the corporate name is still California Physicians' Service, the service name, identifying the services performed, is California Blue Shield. California Blue Shield has offices in Los Angeles and San Francisco.